Human Microbiome Market Size - By Site, Application, Disease, Product & Global Forecast 2024-2032

Human Microbiome Market Size

The global human microbiome market was valued at USD 842.4 million in 2023 and is expected to grow at a CAGR of 25.7% from 2024 to 2032, driven by increasing interest in the role of microbiota in health and disease.
 

The microbiome, a community of trillions of microorganisms residing in the human body, particularly in the digestive tract, is essential for various bodily functions. Advances in research have revealed its potential in therapeutics, especially for treating infectious diseases, metabolic disorders, and immune-related conditions.
 

Quoting an instance, in October 2024, two studies published in Nature Communications by researchers from the Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Saarland University, and Saarland University Hospital provided an in-depth analysis of the microbiome—the collection of all microorganisms—found in humans and zoo animals. The research aimed to uncover potential strategies for disease diagnosis and treatment.
 

As the pharmaceutical industry increasingly integrates microbiome-based therapies, the market is expected to grow substantially. The rising demand for personalized medicine and the therapeutic potential of microbiome-targeted interventions are key factors propelling this market.
 

The growing understanding of the microbiome's impact on human health is a major driver for market growth. The increasing incidence of chronic diseases and metabolic disorders, alongside a greater focus on personalized medicine, has fueled research into microbiome-based treatments. According to the WHO, noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are responsible for 41 million deaths annually, making up 74% of all global fatalities. Of these, 17 million people die before reaching the age of 70. Cardiovascular diseases are the top cause of death, responsible for 17.9 million fatalities annually, followed by cancers with 9.3 million, chronic respiratory diseases with 4.1 million, and diabetes with 2 million deaths, which include those related to kidney disease caused by diabetes.
 

Companies are developing microbiome therapies to address a range of diseases, especially in the digestive system, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, challenges like the complexity of microbiome interactions and stringent regulatory requirements for microbiome-based drugs and therapies may hinder rapid market adoption. Additionally, the high costs associated with developing microbiome-based therapeutics could limit growth, particularly in emerging markets.
 

Human Microbiome Market Trends

The market is set to experience significant growth due to advancements in microbiome research, particularly in developing therapeutics for infectious diseases. Researchers and companies increasingly explore microbiome modulation to combat antibiotic-resistant infections and other pathogenic diseases.
 

For instance, In September 2024, researchers from the Mayo Clinic introduced a groundbreaking computational tool designed to analyze the gut microbiome—an intricate ecosystem of trillions of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other microorganisms within the digestive system—to offer insights into overall health. In a study published in Nature Communications, the tool showcased an accuracy of at least 80% in distinguishing between healthy individuals and those with various diseases. This tool was developed by examining gut microbiome profiles from over 8,000 stool samples, covering a wide range of diseases, geographic locations, and demographic groups.
 

Furthermore, the demand for microbiome-based diagnostics and therapeutics is rising as healthcare systems adopt personalized approaches, tailoring treatments based on an individual’s microbiota. As these advancements progress, the ability to manipulate and restore microbial balance in the body will drive innovations in the pharmaceutical and healthcare sectors. Additionally, the trend toward non-invasive testing and microbiome sequencing will further support market expansion.
 

Human Microbiome Market Analysis

By site, the human microbiome market is categorized into lung, digestive tract, reproductive cavity, skin, and other sites. The digestive tract segment dominated the market with a 31.7% share in 2023. The gut microbiome plays a critical role in digestion, immunity, and overall health, making it a primary target for microbiome-based therapeutics. Researchers are exploring how imbalances in the gut microbiota contribute to conditions such as obesity, diabetes, and IBD, leading to increased focus on restoring microbial balance. With advancements in gut microbiome analysis and growing interest in probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) therapies, the digestive tract segment is anticipated to witness continued growth, driving innovations in therapeutics and diagnostics.
 

By application, the human microbiome market is segmented into therapeutics and diagnostics. The therapeutics segment captured 64.7% of the market share in 2023 and is expected to expand rapidly through 2032. As understanding of the microbiome’s role in various diseases deepens, companies are focusing on developing therapeutics that modulate or restore healthy microbiota. Microbiome-based drugs targeting gastrointestinal disorders, metabolic diseases, and immune-related conditions are already in development, with several undergoing clinical trials. The potential for microbiome-based therapies to offer novel treatments for complex diseases is driving research investment and innovation in this area. Additionally, the integration of microbiome therapeutics into personalized medicine approaches is expected to boost the market growth trajectory.
 

Based on disease, the human microbiome market is segmented into infectious diseases, endocrine & metabolic diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, central nervous system disorder, cancer, and other diseases. The infectious diseases segment is poised to garner USD 347.9 million by 2032, driven by the potential of microbiome-based therapies to combat infections, including those resistant to traditional antibiotics. Researchers are increasingly exploring how microbiome modulation can help treat and prevent infections by enhancing the body’s natural microbial defenses.
 

The development of bacteriophage therapies, probiotics, and other microbiome-based treatments is particularly promising for addressing antibiotic-resistant pathogens. As these therapies offer alternative solutions for managing infections, especially in cases where antibiotics have become less effective, the market for microbiome-based infectious disease treatments is expected to grow substantially.
 

Based on products, the human microbiome market is segmented into drugs, prebiotics, probiotics, diagnostic tests, and other products. The drugs segment is expected to dominate the market, exhibiting a 25.3% CAGR through 2032. Microbiome-based drugs, particularly those targeting the gut and skin microbiome, are being developed to treat a range of diseases, including digestive disorders, metabolic conditions, and skin diseases. These drugs aim to restore a healthy microbiota or modulate the existing microbial population to enhance patient outcomes. As pharmaceutical companies continue to explore the therapeutic potential of the microbiome, the development of microbiome-based drugs will likely accelerate, capturing an increasing market share. Additionally, advancements in drug delivery systems and formulation techniques are expected to support the growth of this segment.
 

North America human microbiome market reached USD 261.2 million in 2023 and is expected to demonstrate a 24.9% CAGR through 2032. The region's leadership can be attributed to the presence of major pharmaceutical companies, extensive research infrastructure, and growing investment in microbiome-based therapeutics. The U.S., in particular, is a hub for microbiome research, with several clinical trials underway for microbiome-targeted therapies. Furthermore, rising healthcare expenditures, increasing awareness of personalized medicine, and strong regulatory support for innovation are driving the growth of the market in North America. As more microbiome-based therapies receive regulatory approval, the region is expected to witness strong market growth.
 

Human Microbiome Market Share

These companies are at the forefront of developing microbiome-based drugs and therapies, focusing on addressing unmet medical needs in areas such as infectious diseases, gastrointestinal disorders, and metabolic conditions. Strategic partnerships, collaborations with academic institutions, and investments in research and development are key strategies employed by industry leaders to enhance their market presence and accelerate the commercialization of microbiome-based therapies.
 

Human Microbiome Market Companies

The competitive landscape of the human microbiome industry includes 4D Pharma plc.

• Synlogic
• Microbiome Therapeutics LLC
• Enterome
• Metabiomics Corporation
• Seres Therapeutics
• Second Genome Inc.
• Vedanta Biosciences, Inc.
• Synthetic Biologics, Inc.
• DuPont
   

Human Microbiome Industry News

In April 2023, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) made a significant move toward regulating gut bacteria management by approving the first oral drug aimed at treating the microbiome. Known as SER-109, this lead product from Seres Therapeutics is designed to treat recurrent Clostridioides difficile infections (rCDI).
 

The human microbiome market research report includes an in-depth coverage of the industry with estimates & forecast in terms of revenue in USD from 2018 to 2032, for the following segments:

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By Site

• Digestive tract
• Lung
• Reproductive cavity
• Skin
• Other sites

By Application

• Therapeutics
• Diagnostics

By Disease

• Infectious diseases
• Gastrointestinal diseases
• Endocrine & metabolic diseases
• Cancer
• Central nervous system disorder
• Other diseases

By Product

• Drugs
• Probiotics
• Prebiotics
• Diagnostic tests
• Other products

The above information is provided for the following regions and countries:

• North America
  • U.S.
  • Canada
• Europe
  • Germany
  • UK
  • France
  • Spain
  • Italy
• Asia Pacific
  • Japan
  • China
  • India
  • Australia
• Latin America
  • Brazil
  • Mexico
• Middle East & Africa
  • South Africa
  • Saudi Arabia